论文标题
由于当地噪声的空间分布，可本地纠缠的层次结构
Hierarchies of localizable entanglement due to spatial distribution of local noise
论文作者
论文摘要
从纠缠方面的嘈杂多部分量子状态的完全表征需要充分了解该州的纠缠内容如何受国家噪声的空间分布的影响。具体而言，我们发现，如果计算可本地化的纠缠协议中的测量基础和代表局部嘈杂通道的Kraus运算符的基础，则有关噪声的信息，即使在测量后Qubit在QUIT之后也将噪声保留在系统中。使用此结果以及噪声下的纠缠的基本属性，我们提出了一组层次结构，当局部噪声作用于子部分或整个系统的所有量子器上时，在多Quipit状态下特定子系统上的可定位纠缠可以遵守。特别是，我们提出了两种类型的层次结构 - 一种根据嘈杂的量子量的数量量身定制的，另一个根据嘈杂的噪声量子的基数额外依赖于噪声测量量子的基数，从而导致量子状态的分类。我们报告了在随机的三量和四量子系统的情况下，满足拟议层次结构的状态的百分比，并使用分析方法和数值模拟显示，在几乎所有情况下，预期的层次结构都倾向于保持噪声强度的变化。
Complete characterization of a noisy multipartite quantum state in terms of entanglement requires full knowledge of how the entanglement content in the state is affected by the spatial distribution of noise in the state. Specifically, we find that if the measurement-basis in the protocol of computing localizable entanglement and the basis of the Kraus operator representing the local noisy channel do not commute, the information regarding the noise is retained in the system even after the qubit is traced out after measurement. Using this result and the basic properties of entanglement under noise, we present a set of hierarchies that localizable entanglement over a specific subsystem in a multiqubit state can obey when local noise acts on the subparts or on all the qubits of the whole system. In particular, we propose two types of hierarchies -- one tailored according to the number of noisy unmeasured qubits, and the other one that depends additionally on the cardinality of the set of noisy measured qubits, leading to the classification of quantum states. We report the percentage of states satisfying the proposed hierarchies in the case of random three- and four-qubit systems and show, using both analytical methods and numerical simulations, that in almost all the cases, anticipated hierarchies tend to hold with the variation of the strength of noise.
