论文标题
关于安静的太阳磁对太阳辐照度变化的贡献：对安静的太阳可变性和最小场景的限制
On the contribution of quiet Sun magnetism to solar irradiance variations: Constraints on quiet Sun variability and grand minimum scenarios
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管安静的太阳磁场在太阳周期中仅显示几乎没有变化，但长期变化不能完全排除在第一原理中。我们通过一系列具有零垂直通量不平衡（$ \ langle b_z \ rangle = 0 $）的小规模的发电机模拟来研究安静的太阳磁性对光谱太阳辐照度的潜在影响，并从$ \ langle = 0 $）和各种级别的小磁场强度，一个较弱的网络强度，一个较弱的网络情况，与这些额外的磁通量相对应$ \ $ \ ^ $ \。设置我们计算出传出的辐射能通量对持续光学深度$τ= 1 $（$ \ langle \ vert \ vert b_z \ vert \ vert \ rangle_ {τ= 1} $）的辐射能通量对光球中平均垂直磁场强度的依赖性。我们发现，平均垂直场强度为$ \ langle \ vert b_z \ vert \ rangle_ {τ= 1} = 69 $ g的安静太阳设置为$ 0.6〜 \％$比非磁性参考案例更明亮。我们发现即将辐射能通量对平均场强度的线性依赖性$ \ langle \ vert \ vert b_z \ vert \ rangle_ {τ= 1} $，相对坡度为$ 1.4 \ cdot 10^{ - 4} $ g $ g $^{ - 1} $。有了这种敏感性，只有$ 10 \％$的安静阳光场强度的中等变化将导致与观察到的太阳周期变化相当的太阳辐照度变化。尽管这确实在常规的太阳周期内对可能的安静太阳变化提供了强大的间接限制，但它还强调，较长时间尺度的潜在变异性可以为长期太阳辐照度变化做出重大贡献。
While the quiet Sun magnetic field shows only little variation with the solar cycle, long-term variations cannot be completely ruled out from first principles. We investigate the potential effect of quiet Sun magnetism on spectral solar irradiance through a series of small-scale dynamo simulations with zero vertical flux imbalance ($\langle B_z\rangle=0$) and varying levels of small-scale magnetic field strength, and one weak network case with an additional flux imbalance corresponding to a flux density of $\langle B_z\rangle=100$ G. From these setups we compute the dependence of the outgoing radiative energy flux on the mean vertical magnetic field strength in the photosphere at continuum optical depth $τ=1$ ($\langle \vert B_z\vert\rangle_{τ=1}$). We find that a quiet Sun setup with a mean vertical field strength of $\langle \vert B_z\vert\rangle_{τ=1}=69$ G is about $0.6~\%$ brighter than a non-magnetic reference case. We find a linear dependence of the outgoing radiative energy flux on the mean field strength $\langle \vert B_z\vert\rangle_{τ=1}$ with a relative slope of $1.4\cdot 10^{-4}$ G$^{-1}$. With this sensitivity, only a moderate change of the quiet Sun field strength by $10\%$ would lead to a total solar irradiance variation comparable to the observed solar cycle variation. While this does provide strong indirect constraints on possible quiet Sun variations during a regular solar cycle, it also emphasizes that potential variability over longer time scales could make a significant contribution to longer-term solar irradiance variations.
