论文标题
Delta掺杂的电子将CCD乘以Fireball-2
Delta-doped Electron Multiplying CCDs for FIREBall-2
论文作者
论文摘要
我们介绍了我们的NASA/CNES气球传播的紫外线多对象光谱仪的持续探测器开发工作的状态，微弱的层间红移发射气球（Fireball-2; FB-2）。 FB-2展示了一种新的UV探测器技术，即在低风险亚轨道环境中的三角洲掺杂电子乘以CCD（EMCCD），以证明EMCCD在未来的太空任务和技术就绪水平（TRL）进步方面的性能。 EMCCD可用于光子计数（PC）模式以达到极低的读数噪声（$ <$ 1电子）。我们的测试集中在通过\ nuvu V2 CCCP控制器的波形塑形和深度优化来减少时钟诱导的电荷（CIC），以0.001 E $^{ - } $/PIXEL/FRAME测量CIC。该优化还包括通过冷却和底物电压水平减少暗电流的方法。我们讨论了去除宇宙射线的挑战，这些探测器也会被这些检测器放大，以及为我们的噪声测量目标设计的数据减少管道。 FB-2在2018年飞行，这是第一次使用EMCCD用于平流层的紫外线观测。 FB-2目前正在建立在2020年再次飞行，并且正在对EMCCD进行改进，以继续优化其性能以获得更好的噪声控制。
We present the status of on-going detector development efforts for our joint NASA/CNES balloon-borne UV multi-object spectrograph, the Faint Intergalactic Redshifted Emission Balloon (FIREBall-2; FB-2). FB-2 demonstrates a new UV detector technology, the delta-doped Electron Multiplying CCD (EMCCD), in a low risk suborbital environment, to prove the performance of EMCCDs for future space missions and Technology Readiness Level (TRL) advancement. EMCCDs can be used in photon counting (PC) mode to achieve extremely low readout noise ($<$1 electron). Our testing has focused on reducing clock-induced-charge (CIC) through wave shaping and well depth optimization with a \nuvu V2 CCCP Controller, measuring CIC at 0.001 e$^{-}$/pixel/frame. This optimization also includes methods for reducing dark current, via cooling, and substrate voltage levels. We discuss the challenges of removing cosmic rays, which are also amplified by these detectors, as well as a data reduction pipeline designed for our noise measurement objectives. FB-2 flew in 2018, providing the first time an EMCCD was used for UV observations in the stratosphere. FB-2 is currently being built up to fly again in 2020, and improvements are being made to the EMCCD to continue optimizing its performance for better noise control.
