论文标题

马尔可维式,近似统一设计

Markovianization with approximate unitary designs

论文作者

Figueroa-Romero, Pedro, Pollock, Felix A., Modi, Kavan

论文摘要

与开放系统理论的数学相比,无内存的过程本质上是无处不在的,该理论指出非马克维亚过程应该是常态。通常通过主观使环境健忘来解决这种差异。在这里,我们证明有一些物理非马克维亚过程,对于所有相关顺序,高概率都显得很高。我们称这种现象是马尔可夫化。正式地,我们表明,当量子过程具有近似统一设计给出的动力时,就暗示了构成非马克维亚内存大小的大偏差。我们仅利用两数Qubit的相互作用进行了有效的统一电路设计的有效构造来体现我们的结果,这表明看似简单的系统如何迅速变得健忘。相反,由于该过程已关闭,因此应该有可能检测基本的非马克维亚效应。但是,对于这些过程,观察非马克维亚签名将需要高度纠缠的资源,因此是一项艰巨的任务。

Memoryless processes are ubiquitous in nature, in contrast with the mathematics of open systems theory, which states that non-Markovian processes should be the norm. This discrepancy is usually addressed by subjectively making the environment forgetful. Here we prove that there are physical non-Markovian processes that with high probability look highly Markovian for all orders of correlations; we call this phenomenon Markovianization. Formally, we show that when a quantum process has dynamics given by an approximate unitary design, a large deviation bound on the size of non-Markovian memory is implied. We exemplify our result employing an efficient construction of an approximate unitary circuit design using two-qubit interactions only, showing how seemingly simple systems can speedily become forgetful. Conversely, since the process is closed, it should be possible to detect the underlying non-Markovian effects. However, for these processes, observing non-Markovian signatures would require highly entangling resources and hence be a difficult task.

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