论文标题
非线性动力学决定了真空中冷凝物质的热力学不稳定性
Nonlinear dynamics determines the thermodynamic instability of condensed matter in vacuo
论文作者
论文摘要
凝结物在真空中在热力学上不稳定。这就是热力学通过的关系告诉我们的，表明高于绝对零的温度下的冷凝物总是具有非零的蒸气压。这种不稳定性意味着在低温下，不能在晶格中的原子中平均分布，但必须集中。在动力学系统中，这种局部激发中的能量浓度是以离散呼吸器，孤子和相关非线性现象的形式众所周知的。因此，要满足热力学，这种局部激发必须在任意低温的凝结物质系统中存在，因此，冷凝物质的非线性动力学对于其热力学至关重要。
Condensed matter is thermodynamically unstable in a vacuum. That is what thermodynamics tells us through the relation showing that condensed matter at temperatures above absolute zero always has non-zero vapour pressure. This instability implies that at low temperatures energy must not be distributed equally among atoms in the crystal lattice but must be concentrated. In dynamical systems such concentrations of energy in localized excitations are well known in the form of discrete breathers, solitons, and related nonlinear phenomena. It follows that to satisfy thermodynamics such localized excitations must exist in systems of condensed matter at arbitrarily low temperature and as such the nonlinear dynamics of condensed matter is crucial for its thermodynamics.
