论文标题

分析DGA分类器的实际适用性

Analyzing the Real-World Applicability of DGA Classifiers

论文作者

Drichel, Arthur, Meyer, Ulrike, Schüppen, Samuel, Teubert, Dominik

论文摘要

在二进制分类器的帮助下将良性域与DGA产生的域分开是一个充分研究的问题,已经为此发表了有希望的性能结果。对确定生成域的确切DGA的相应多类任务的研究较少。在实践中为这些任务选择最有前途的分类器会提出许多迄今为止在先前工作中尚未解决的问题。这些问题包括在哪种网络和何时训练哪些流量以及如何评估对抗性攻击的鲁棒性的问题。此外,目前尚不清楚哪个功能使分类器成为决策,以及分类器是否具有实时功能。在本文中,我们解决了这些问题,因此有助于使DGA检测分类器更接近实际使用。在这种情况下,我们针对这两个任务中的每个任务都提出了一个基于残留神经网络的新型分类器,并在统一的环境中广泛评估它们以及先前提出的分类器。我们不仅评估他们的分类性能,而且还将它们与解释性,鲁棒性以及培训和分类速度相比。最后,我们表明,我们新提出的二进制分类器可以很好地推广到其他网络,是时间的努力,并且能够识别以前未知的DGA。

Separating benign domains from domains generated by DGAs with the help of a binary classifier is a well-studied problem for which promising performance results have been published. The corresponding multiclass task of determining the exact DGA that generated a domain enabling targeted remediation measures is less well studied. Selecting the most promising classifier for these tasks in practice raises a number of questions that have not been addressed in prior work so far. These include the questions on which traffic to train in which network and when, just as well as how to assess robustness against adversarial attacks. Moreover, it is unclear which features lead a classifier to a decision and whether the classifiers are real-time capable. In this paper, we address these issues and thus contribute to bringing DGA detection classifiers closer to practical use. In this context, we propose one novel classifier based on residual neural networks for each of the two tasks and extensively evaluate them as well as previously proposed classifiers in a unified setting. We not only evaluate their classification performance but also compare them with respect to explainability, robustness, and training and classification speed. Finally, we show that our newly proposed binary classifier generalizes well to other networks, is time-robust, and able to identify previously unknown DGAs.

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