论文标题
针对图形卷积网络的有针对性的通用攻击
A Targeted Universal Attack on Graph Convolutional Network
论文作者
论文摘要
现实生活中许多应用程序中都存在图形结构化数据。作为最先进的图形神经网络,图形卷积网络(GCN)在处理图形结构化数据中起着重要作用。但是,最近的一项研究报告说,GCN也容易受到对抗性攻击的影响,这意味着GCN模型可能会遭受恶意攻击,并且数据对数据进行了不可忽视的修改。在所有对GCN的对抗攻击中,有一种特殊的攻击方法,称为通用对抗性攻击,该方法会产生可用于任何样本的扰动,并导致GCN模型输出不正确的结果。尽管已经对计算机视觉中的普遍对抗性攻击进行了广泛的研究,但是关于对图形结构化数据的普遍对抗性攻击的研究作品很少。在本文中,我们提出了针对GCN的有针对性的普遍对抗攻击。我们的方法使用一些节点作为攻击节点。攻击节点的攻击能力通过与之连接的少量假节点增强。在攻击过程中,只要攻击节点类别链接到攻击节点类别,任何受害者节点都会被误分类为GCN。三个受欢迎数据集的实验表明,仅使用3个攻击节点和6个假节点时,对图中任何受害者节点的拟议攻击的平均攻击成功率达到83%。我们希望我们的工作能够使社区意识到这种攻击的威胁,并引起人们对未来防御的关注。
Graph-structured data exist in numerous applications in real life. As a state-of-the-art graph neural network, the graph convolutional network (GCN) plays an important role in processing graph-structured data. However, a recent study reported that GCNs are also vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which means that GCN models may suffer malicious attacks with unnoticeable modifications of the data. Among all the adversarial attacks on GCNs, there is a special kind of attack method called the universal adversarial attack, which generates a perturbation that can be applied to any sample and causes GCN models to output incorrect results. Although universal adversarial attacks in computer vision have been extensively researched, there are few research works on universal adversarial attacks on graph structured data. In this paper, we propose a targeted universal adversarial attack against GCNs. Our method employs a few nodes as the attack nodes. The attack capability of the attack nodes is enhanced through a small number of fake nodes connected to them. During an attack, any victim node will be misclassified by the GCN as the attack node class as long as it is linked to them. The experiments on three popular datasets show that the average attack success rate of the proposed attack on any victim node in the graph reaches 83% when using only 3 attack nodes and 6 fake nodes. We hope that our work will make the community aware of the threat of this type of attack and raise the attention given to its future defense.