论文标题

关于电力市场机制设计和联盟游戏的理论和应用

On the theory and applications of mechanism design and coalitional games in electricity markets

论文作者

Karaca, Orcun

论文摘要

尽管全球电力市场的特定结构各不相同,但它们都是在可预测的,可控制的发电前提下以不可忽视的边际成本来构想的。最近的变化,具体来说,可再生能源的整合不断增加,对这种假设提出了挑战。鉴于这一转变,本论文打算设计新框架并提高我们对未来市场的理解。当模型完全反映网格和参与者的物理时,第一部分重点是机理设计。我们考虑一个涉及连续商品,一般非概念约束和第二阶段成本的市场。然后,我们设计了联盟无法影响结果的付款和条件。在激励兼容的VCG机制下,我们证明,如果投标是凸面并且约束是多疗中的,则可以实现防止联盟的结果。通过放松激励兼容,我们研究了核心选择的机制,这些机制是防止联盟的情况,没有条件。我们表明,它们概括了LMP机制的经济原理,并且可以在没有价格假设的情况下近似真实性。最后,它们是预算平衡的。第二部分协调区域市场来利用可再生能源的地理多元化。在欧洲,储备仍然是区域运营商的独家责任。这种有限的协调和顺序结构阻碍了发电和传播的利用。为了促进储备金,先发制人的模型可以最佳地从储备金日期的能源中提取区域间传输能力。但是,该双重计划并不建议保证协调的成本。我们制定了一种新的先发制人模型,使我们能够获得稳定的利益对偏差的影响。我们的建议,最小核心的福利,通过可拖动计算实现了最小的稳定性侵犯。

Although the specific structures of electricity markets are diverse around the world, they were all conceived on the premise of predictable, controllable generation with nonnegligible marginal costs. Recent changes, specifically, the increasing renewable integration, have challenged such assumptions. In light of this shift, this thesis intends to devise new frameworks and advance our understanding of the future markets. The first part focuses on mechanism design when the model fully reflects the physics of the grid and the participants. We consider a market that involves continuous goods, general nonconvex constraints, and second stage costs. We then design the payments and conditions under which coalitions cannot influence the outcome. Under the incentive-compatible VCG mechanism, we prove that coalition-proof outcomes are achieved if bids are convex and constraints are polymatroids. By relaxing incentive-compatibility, we investigate core-selecting mechanisms that are coalition-proof without conditions. We show that they generalize the economic rationale of the LMP mechanism, and can approximate truthfulness without the price-taking assumption. Finally, they are budget-balanced. The second part coordinates regional markets to exploit the geographic diversification of renewables. In Europe, reserves remain an exclusive responsibility of regional operators. This limited coordination and the sequential structure hinder the utilization of generation and transmission. To promote reserve exchange, a preemptive model can optimally withdraw inter-area transmission capacity from day-ahead energy for reserves. This bilevel program however does not suggest costs that guarantee coordination. We formulate a new preemptive model that allows us to obtain stable benefits immune to deviations. Our proposal, least-core benefits, achieves minimal stability violation with a tractable computation.

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