论文标题
费城的学校接近与犯罪之间的关联的空间分析
Spatial Analysis of the Association between School Proximity and Crime in Philadelphia
论文作者
论文摘要
我们使用高分辨率数据来调查过去十五年来，在费城市，犯罪发生率与与不同类型的公立学校之间的关联。我们采用两种统计方法，即回归建模和倾向得分匹配，以更好地隔离犯罪与学校接近之间的关联，同时控制周围社区的人口，经济，土地使用和混乱特征。通过这两种方法，无论犯罪结果，教育水平和时间段如何，我们都会发现在公立学校附近的犯罪发生率大大增加。学校接近性对犯罪的影响有很大的不同，具体取决于学校是否正在上课，以及学校不同类型的犯罪和教育水平之间的影响。我们认为，在会议期间，学校对犯罪的近距离暴力犯罪的影响最大。我们的结果支持了几种理论，这些理论表明犯罪应在学校附近提升，并在犯罪与建筑环境的其他方面之间建立了重要的关联。
We use high resolution data to investigate the association between crime incidence and proximity to different types of public schools over the past fifteen years in the city of Philadelphia. We employ two statistical methods, regression modeling and propensity score matching, in order to better isolate the association between crime and school proximity while controlling for the demographic, economic, land use and disorder characteristics of the surrounding neighborhood. With both of these approaches, we find significantly increased crime incidence near to public schools regardless of crime outcome, educational level and time period. The effect of school proximity on crime varies substantially depending on whether or not school is in session, as well as between different types of crime and educational levels of the school. We see the largest effects of school proximity on crime for violent crimes near to high schools during their in-session time periods. Our results support several theories which suggest that crime should be elevated near to schools, as well as finding significant associations between crime and other aspects of the built environment.
