论文标题

定期踢分子的拓扑费

Topological charges of periodically kicked molecules

论文作者

Karle, Volker, Ghazaryan, Areg, Lemeshko, Mikhail

论文摘要

我们表明,当由周期性远距离激光脉冲驱动时,最简单的现有分子 - 封闭壳硅藻没有相互作用 - 宿主拓扑电荷。可以定期将踢的分子转子映射到角动量空间中的“晶体”晶格上。这允许通过类似于固态物理学的Bloch波来定义Quasimomenta和floquet表示中的带状结构。分子旋转周期的施加$ 1/3 $的激光脉冲会产生一个晶格,三个原子每个单位细胞和交错的跳跃。在激光强度的合成维度内,我们发现带有拓扑电荷的狄拉克锥。这些狄拉克锥体在拓扑上受到反射和时间反向对称性的保护,让人联想到(尽管不等于)在石墨烯中看到的(尽管不等于)。它们 - 以及相应的边缘状态 - 通过调节激光强度可以进行广泛调整,并且可以通过测量旋转水平的分子比对和种群在当今实验中观察到。这为研究小分子的气相实验中的可控拓扑物理学以及通过其拓扑不变性对动态分子态进行分类的方式铺平了道路。

We show that the simplest of existing molecules -- closed-shell diatomics not interacting with one another -- host topological charges when driven by periodic far-off-resonant laser pulses. A periodically kicked molecular rotor can be mapped onto a ''crystalline'' lattice in angular momentum space. This allows to define quasimomenta and the band structure in the Floquet representation, by analogy with the Bloch waves of solid-state physics. Applying laser pulses spaced by $1/3$ of the molecular rotational period creates a lattice with three atoms per unit cell with staggered hopping. Within the synthetic dimension of the laser strength, we discover Dirac cones with topological charges. These Dirac cones, topologically protected by reflection and time-reversal symmetry, are reminiscent of (although not equivalent to) that seen in graphene. They -- and the corresponding edge states -- are broadly tunable by adjusting the laser strength and can be observed in present-day experiments by measuring molecular alignment and populations of rotational levels. This paves the way to study controllable topological physics in gas-phase experiments with small molecules as well as to classify dynamical molecular states by their topological invariants.

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