论文标题
Instantons：厚壁近似
Instantons: thick-wall approximation
论文作者
论文摘要
我们开发了一种新方法来估计通过正规化intsantons估算错误真空的衰减概率。也就是说，我们考虑了从下方不受限的电势或对应于真空真空的第二个最小值的情况，其深度超过了电势屏障的高度。在这种情况下，主导真空衰减的物有的气泡自然具有厚的壁，薄壁近似不适用。我们证明，在这种情况下，确定衰减概率的动作的主要贡献来自解决方案的一部分，与摩擦项相比，可以忽略Instantons方程中的潜在项。我们表明，开发的近似值准确地重现了少数已知可解决势能的领先顺序结果。所提出的方法应用于任意数量的维度中的通用标量场势。
We develop a new method for estimating the decay probability of the false vacuum via regularized instantons. Namely, we consider the case where the potential is either unbounded from below or the second minimum corresponding to the true vacuum has a depth exceeding the height of the potential barrier. In this case, the materialized bubbles dominating the vacuum decay naturally have a thick wall and the thin-wall approximation is not applicable. We prove that in such a case the main contribution to the action determining the decay probability comes from the part of the solution for which the potential term in the equation for instantons can be neglected compared to the friction term. We show that the developed approximation exactly reproduces the leading order results for the few known exactly solvable potentials. The proposed method is applied to generic scalar field potentials in an arbitrary number of dimensions.
