论文标题
神经进化的证据证明了通用分形大脑形状
Neuro-evolutionary evidence for a universal fractal primate brain shape
论文作者
论文摘要
大脑皮层表现出令人困惑的跨物种形状和大小的多样性。尽管有这种多样性，但我们介绍了灵长类化皮层的普遍多尺度描述。我们表明，所有皮质形状都可以描述为一组不同大小的嵌套褶皱。随着相邻的褶皱逐渐合并，11种灵长类动物物种的皮质遵循了一个常见的无尺度形态轨迹，这也与其他70多种其他哺乳动物物种重叠。我们的结果表明，所有大脑皮层都是相同原型分形状的近似值，分形尺寸为$ d_f = 2.5 $。重要的是，这种新的理解可以更精确地量化脑形态作为量表的函数。为了证明这种新理解的重要性，我们显示了衰老对脑形态的尺度依赖性影响。与标准形态分析相比，我们观察到的作用大小增加了大约2 mM的效果大小（从2个标准偏差到8个标准偏差）的四倍以上。因此，我们的新理解可能会在未来的一系列条件下产生出色的生物标志物。
The cerebral cortex displays a bewildering diversity of shapes and sizes across and within species. Despite this diversity, we present a universal multi-scale description of primate cortices. We show that all cortical shapes can be described as a set of nested folds of different sizes. As neighbouring folds are gradually merged, the cortices of 11 primate species follow a common scale-free morphometric trajectory, that also overlaps with over 70 other mammalian species. Our results indicate that all cerebral cortices are approximations of the same archetypal fractal shape with a fractal dimension of $d_f=2.5$. Importantly, this new understanding enables a more precise quantification of brain morphology as a function of scale. To demonstrate the importance of this new understanding, we show a scale-dependent effect of ageing on brain morphology. We observe a more than four-fold increase in effect size (from 2 standard deviations to 8 standard deviations) at a spatial scale of approximately 2 mm compared to standard morphological analyses. Our new understanding may therefore generate superior biomarkers for a range of conditions in the future.
