论文标题
GPATCH:修补图形神经网络,用于冷启动建议
GPatch: Patching Graph Neural Networks for Cold-Start Recommendations
论文作者
论文摘要
冷启动是推荐系统中必不可少的持续问题。最先进的解决方案依赖于基于辅助信息的冷启动和现有用户/项目的培训混合模型。这种混合模型将损害现有用户/项目的性能,这可能使这些解决方案不适用于现实世界中的推荐系统,在这些系统中,必须保证现有用户/项目的体验。同时,已证明图形神经网络(GNN)可以有效地进行温暖(非冷淡的)建议。但是,从未应用它们来处理用户 - 项目二分图中的冷启动问题。这是一项具有挑战性但有意义的任务,因为冷启动用户/项目没有链接。此外,设计适当的GNN以在维持现有用户/项目的性能的同时,进行冷启动建议是不算容易的。为了弥合差距,我们提出了一个量身定制的基于GNN的框架(GPATCH),其中包含两个单独但相关的组件。首先,有效的GNN体系结构 - Gwarmer,旨在对暖用户/物品进行建模。其次,我们通过进行冷启动建议来构建相关的补丁网络,以模拟和补丁Gwarmer。基准和大规模商业数据集的实验表明,GPATCH在为现有和寒冷启动的用户/项目提供建议方面非常出色。
Cold start is an essential and persistent problem in recommender systems. State-of-the-art solutions rely on training hybrid models for both cold-start and existing users/items, based on the auxiliary information. Such a hybrid model would compromise the performance of existing users/items, which might make these solutions not applicable in real-worlds recommender systems where the experience of existing users/items must be guaranteed. Meanwhile, graph neural networks (GNNs) have been demonstrated to perform effectively warm (non-cold-start) recommendations. However, they have never been applied to handle the cold-start problem in a user-item bipartite graph. This is a challenging but rewarding task since cold-start users/items do not have links. Besides, it is nontrivial to design an appropriate GNN to conduct cold-start recommendations while maintaining the performance for existing users/items. To bridge the gap, we propose a tailored GNN-based framework (GPatch) that contains two separate but correlated components. First, an efficient GNN architecture -- GWarmer, is designed to model the warm users/items. Second, we construct correlated Patching Networks to simulate and patch GWarmer by conducting cold-start recommendations. Experiments on benchmark and large-scale commercial datasets demonstrate that GPatch is significantly superior in providing recommendations for both existing and cold-start users/items.