论文标题
模型预测和模糊逻辑控制的层次整合,用于通过具有不完美传感器的机器人组合的覆盖范围和面向目标的搜索和验证
Hierarchical Integration of Model Predictive and Fuzzy Logic Control for Combined Coverage and Target-Oriented Search-and-Rescue via Robots with Imperfect Sensors
论文作者
论文摘要
在未知环境中的搜索和救援(SAR)需要精确,最佳和快速的决策。机器人是在未知环境中自主执行SAR任务的有前途的候选人。尽管人类使用启发式方法有效地处理不确定性,但在存在物理和控制约束的情况下,优化多个目标是需要机器计算的数学挑战。因此,对于SAR机器人,需要具有人力启发和数学控制能力。此外,在大规模SAR任务中,以很少的计算成本来协调机器人的决策是一个开放的挑战。最后,在现实生活中,SAR机器人感知到的数据可能容易出现不确定性。我们引入了分层多代理控制体系结构,该体系结构利用SAR机器人的非均匀和不完美的感知能力,以及分散控制方法的计算效率和鲁棒性和鲁棒性,以及集中控制方法的全球性能改善。所提出的控制框架的集成结构允许以协调和计算有效的方式将人类风格的数学决策方法结合在一起。各种基于计算机的模拟的结果表明,虽然所提出的方法的面积覆盖范围可与针对面向覆盖范围的SAR特别开发的现有启发式方法相媲美,但引入方法在定位被困受害者方面的效率显着较高。此外,随着相当的计算时间,提出的控制方法成功地避免了非合作方法中存在的潜在冲突。这些结果证实,所提出的多代理控制系统能够以平衡且协调的方式将面向覆盖率和目标的SAR组合在一起。
Search-and-rescue (SaR) in unknown environments requires precise, optimal, and fast decisions. Robots are promising candidates for autonomously performing SaR tasks in unknown environments. While humans use their heuristics to effectively deal with uncertainties, optimisation of multiple objectives in the presence of physical and control constraints is a mathematical challenge that requires machine computations. Thus having both human-inspired and mathematical control capabilities is desired for SaR robots. Moreover, coordinating the decisions of robots with little computation cost in large-scale SaR missions is an open challenge. Finally, in real-life data perceived by SaR robots may be prone to uncertainties. We introduce a hierarchical multi-agent control architecture that exploits non-homogeneous and imperfect perception capabilities of SaR robots, as well as the computational efficiency and robustness to failure of decentralised control methods and global performance improvement of centralised control methods. The integrated structure of the proposed control framework allows to combine human-inspired and mathematical decision making methods in a coordinated and computationally efficient way. The results of various computer-based simulations show that while the area coverage of the proposed approach is comparable to existing heuristic methods that are particularly developed for coverage-oriented SaR, the efficiency of the introduced approach in locating the trapped victims is significantly higher. Furthermore, with comparable computation times, the proposed control approach successfully avoids potential conflicts that exist in non-cooperative methods. These results confirm that the proposed multi-agent control system is capable of combining coverage-oriented and target-oriented SaR in a balanced and coordinated way.