论文标题

磁场围绕银河光环中的块状高速云而悬垂

Magnetic field draping around clumpy high-velocity clouds in galactic halo

论文作者

Jung, Seoyoung Lyla, Grønnow, Asger, McClure-Griffiths, Naomi

论文摘要

在银河光环中的整个通道中,高速云(HVC)扫除了环境磁场,并形成了周围磁场的拉伸和悬垂构型。许多较早的数值研究采用球形对称均匀密度云作为初始条件,以实现简单性。但是,观察结果表明HVC是块状和湍流的。在本文中,我们执行了3D磁流失动力模拟,以研究云的演化,其初始密度分布由幂律空间功率谱描述。我们系统地研究了(i)初始密度结构,(ii)晕磁场和(iii)辐射冷却效率对插入HVC的作用。我们发现(i)云的密度结构调节混合和质量生长。统一的云从模拟的开始生长,而块状云最初会失去气体,然后在以后生长。按照相同的线路,块状云的生长曲线取决于初始密度谱的斜率。 (ii)磁场抑制流体动力学不稳定性和小规模结构的生长。结果,磁化云会沿着流方向延伸长丝,而非磁性云则分散成许多小团块。 (iii)有效的冷却使主云体更加紧凑,并产生从光晕气中凝结的致命密集团。这项工作可能有助于我们理解和预测HVC的观察到的特性,例如磁化云的可检测性,与HVC复合物相关的减速HI结构的存在和小规模特征以及HVC的来源与命运之间的可能联系。

Throughout the passage within the Galactic halo, high-velocity clouds (HVCs) sweep up ambient magnetic fields and form stretched and draped configurations of magnetic fields around them. Many earlier numerical studies adopt spherically symmetric uniform-density clouds as initial conditions for simplicity. However, observations demonstrate that HVCs are clumpy and turbulent. In this paper, we perform 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations to study the evolution of clouds with initial density distributions described by power-law spatial power spectra. We systematically study the role of (i) the initial density structure, (ii) halo magnetic fields, and (iii) radiative cooling efficiency upon infalling HVCs. We find that (i) the clouds' density structure regulates mixing and mass growth. Uniform clouds grow from the onset of the simulations while clumpy clouds initially lose gas and then grow at later times. Along the same lines, the growth curve of clumpy clouds depends on the slope of the initial density power spectra. (ii) Magnetic fields suppress hydrodynamic instabilities and the growth of small-scale structures. As a result, magnetized clouds develop long filaments extended along the streaming direction whereas non-magnetized clouds are fragmented into many small clumps. (iii) Efficient cooling keeps the main cloud body more compact and produces decelerated dense clumps condensed from the halo gas. This work potentially helps us understand and predict the observed properties of HVCs such as the detectability of magnetized clouds, the presence of decelerated HI structures associated with HVC complexes and small-scale features, and a possible link between the origin and the fate of HVCs.

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