论文标题
垂直轴风力涡轮机刀片上动态失速发育的时间尺度
Timescales of dynamic stall development on a vertical-axis wind turbine blade
论文作者
论文摘要
垂直轴风力涡轮机是使风能技术多样化的绝佳候选者，但它们的空气动力学复杂性限制了工业部署。为了提高垂直轴风力涡轮机的效率和寿命，我们希望数据驱动的模型和控制策略，这些模型和控制策略考虑了不稳定流量发展中随后事件的时间和持续时间。在这里，我们旨在表征导致垂直轴风力涡轮机叶片上动态失速的事件链，并量化涡轮运行条件对单个流量发展阶段持续时间的影响。我们提出了经过多种尖端速度比例的动态失速的风力涡轮机模型的时间分辨流量和不稳定的负载测量值。正确的正交分解用于识别主要的流量结构并区分六个特征摊位阶段：附着的流动，剪切层生长，涡流形成，朝风摊位，下风失速和流动式阶段。单个阶段的时间和持续时间最好的特征是非二维对流时间。还基于空气动力测量值确定了动态失速阶段。大多数空气动力学工作都是在剪切层的生长和涡流阶段完成的，该阶段强调了管理垂直轴风力涡轮机上动态失速的重要性。
Vertical-axis wind turbines are great candidates to diversify wind energy technology, but their aerodynamic complexity limits industrial deployment. To improve the efficiency and lifespan of vertical axis wind turbines, we desire data-driven models and control strategies that take into account the timing and duration of subsequent events in the unsteady flow development. Here, we aim to characterise the chain of events that leads to dynamic stall on a vertical-axis wind turbine blade and to quantify the influence of the turbine operation conditions on the duration of the individual flow development stages. We present time-resolved flow and unsteady load measurements of a wind turbine model undergoing dynamic stall for a wide range of tip-speed ratios. Proper orthogonal decomposition is used to identify dominant flow structures and to distinguish six characteristic stall stages: the attached flow, shear-layer growth, vortex formation, upwind stall, downwind stall, and flow reattachment stage. The timing and duration of the individual stages are best characterised by the non-dimensional convective time. Dynamic stall stages are also identified based on aerodynamic force measurements. Most of the aerodynamic work is done during the shear-layer growth and the vortex formation stage which underlines the importance of managing dynamic stall on vertical-axis wind turbines.
