DB43/T2683—2023 43 湖 南 省 地 方 标 准ICS CCS 67.060 B 22 发 布 湖南省市场监督管理局黄瓜嫁接育苗技术规程 2023-08发布-22 2023-11实施-22Technical specifications for grafting seedling of cucumber DB43/T 2683—2023 I 目 次 前言 ································ ································ ································ ·························· Ⅲ 1 范围 ································ ································ ································ ······················ 1 2 规范性引用文件 ································ ································ ································ ······· 1 3 术语和定义 ································ ································ ································ ············· 1 4 设施设备和嫁接用具 ································ ································ ································ · 1 5 品种选择 ································ ································ ································ ················ 1 6 幼苗培育 ································ ································ ································ ················ 2 7 嫁接 ································ ································ ································ ······················ 2 8 嫁接苗管理 ································ ································ ································ ············· 3 9 病虫害防治 ································ ································ ································ ············· 4 10 壮苗标准 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 4 11 生产档案 ································ ································ ································ ··············· 5 附录A （资料性）主要病虫害化学防治方法 ································ ································ ····· 6 附录B （资料性）嫁接育苗生产记录表 ································ ································ ··········· 7 参考文献 ································ ································ ································ ····················· 9 DB43/T 2683—2023 II DB43/T 2683—2023 III 前 言 本文件按照 GB/T 1.1 —2020《标准化工作导则 第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规 定起草。 请注意本文件的某些内容 可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。 本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。 本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。 本文件主要起草单位：湖南省蔬菜研究所。 本文件主要起草人：殷武平，袁祖华，童辉，彭莹，杨晓。 DB43/T 2683—2023 IV DB43/T 2683—2023 1 黄瓜嫁接育苗技术规程 1 范围 本文件规定了黄瓜嫁接育苗的设施设备和嫁接用具、幼苗培育、嫁接、嫁接苗管理、病虫害防治、 成苗标准和生产档案等要求。 本文件适用于湖南地区冬春季黄瓜嫁接育苗。 2 规范性引用文件 下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可 少的条款。 其中， 注日期的引用文件， 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本 文件。 GB/T 16715.1 瓜菜作物种子 第1部分：瓜类 GB/T 23416.3 蔬菜病虫害安全防治技术规范 第3部分：瓜类 NY/T 1107 大量元素水溶肥料 NY/T 2118 蔬菜育苗基质 NY/T 2119 蔬菜穴盘育苗 通则 3 术语和定义 本文件没有术语和定义。 4 设施设备和嫁接用具 4.1 设施设备 温室、连栋大棚或塑料大棚均可。有条件的可配套催芽室、 愈合室、加温、补光等设施设备。 4.2 嫁接用具 嫁接针、不锈钢双面刀片、 75％酒精等。 5 品种选择 5.1 砧木 宜选用生长势、抗逆性强，亲和力高，嫁接后对黄瓜无不良影响的黑籽南瓜或中国南瓜品种为嫁接 砧木。 5.2 接穗 根据当地栽培习惯和市场需求选择黄瓜品种。 DB43/T 2683—2023 2 5.3 种子质量 种子质量应符合 GB/T 16715.1 中二级以上要求。 6 幼苗培育 6.1 育苗季节 冬春育苗宜在 1月下旬至 3月上旬。 6.2 育苗方式 可选穴盘育苗或漂浮育苗，穴盘育苗按 NY/T 2119 规定执行，漂浮育苗按 HNZ150规定执行。嫁接 方法采用顶插接法。 6.3 播种期 先播种砧木南瓜，待南瓜子叶展平后再播种接穗黄瓜，通常砧木比接穗早播种 5 d～7 d。 6.4 浸种催芽 种子在55 ℃温汤中浸种并不断搅拌 10 min～15 min，待水温降至常温，砧木南瓜继续浸泡 4 h～ 6 h，接穗黄瓜继续浸泡 2 h～4 h，捞出用清水冲洗干净，沥干种子表面水分，装入纱布袋或尼龙网袋 中，在26 ℃～30 ℃温度下催芽 1 d～2 d。 6.5 播种 6.5.1 砧木播种 种子胚芽露白、出芽率达到 85％时即可播种。采用 32孔～50孔穴盘或 50孔～78孔漂浮盘点播， 种子平放，芽尖朝下。播后覆盖 1cm厚育苗基质，穴盘育苗淋透水，漂浮盘放入漂浮池吸水，覆盖薄膜 保温保湿，一般 4 d～6 d即可出苗。育苗基质应符合 NY/T 2118 规定。 6.5.2 接穗播种 种子胚芽露白时即可播种。将种子均匀撒播于装有基质的无格育苗盘内。播后覆盖 1 cm厚育苗基 质，淋透水，覆盖薄膜保温保湿。育苗基质应符合 NY/T 2118 规定。 6.6 播种后管理 幼苗出土前，采用薄膜覆盖保温保湿；温度 28 ℃～30 ℃，空气相对湿度 90％以上为宜。一半幼 苗顶土时揭去地膜 。出苗后，出苗后，改为小拱棚覆盖，白天 20 ℃～28 ℃，夜间 18 ℃～20 ℃，空 气相对湿度 50％～70％为宜。若气温超过 35 ℃，应通风降温，低于 12 ℃，应采取加盖中棚、打开地 热线或空气加热线等其他加温措施。 7 嫁接 7.1 嫁接时期 宜在砧木 1片真叶展开、接穗子叶初展至展平时进行嫁接。